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Biography
Intellectual- Controversial- Literary- all accurate descriptions of Jose Luis Cuevas and his work. The inquisitive and fertile mind of this prolific artist has produced a legacy of work that places him among the truly great artists of Mexico and establishes his international credentials as one of the outstanding draftsmen of this century.

The delicacy of his line and the subtle tonalities of his washes add to the fleeting contacts of reality that pervade the artist’s work. Carlos Fuentes in his book on Cuevas states that "the figures of Jose Luis Cuevas are at war with themselves, with their own appearance. The artist, with great wisdom, divests color of its brightness; an ochre atmosphere, the light of dead stars, blacks and greys, sensitive paleness that permeate by diffusing; colors representing the moment of transfiguration; dawns and sunsets, death and madness, orgasm. It is only this decisive color which allows the profound aspect of Cuevas’ art to be perceived without losing its mystery; appearances are about to be resolved by apparition or disappearance."

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Writings about the artist
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Cuevas looks, sees, responds to, fantasizes and draws his subjects in a context of transition. The subject is rarely easy to categorize and the enigmatic quality of his statement is one of calculated tension between our own cultural and moral limits and those that are exaggerated to explore and identify reality in a social and human context. In our "enlightened age" we treat the deformed or demented person with compassion, pity, and understanding. We are told not to stare and point at one of the unfortunate creatures but to ignore him in a sophisticated and understanding manner.

The criminal is one to be avoided and rehabilitated by someone else. His world is one that is to be understood by psychiatrists, policemen, social welfare agents and ministers. Jose Luis Cuevas portrays in his drawings the human side of their existence rather than exploring the motives that places them in their respective situations.

We are trained to expect Death; rarely do we speak of it in the first person frame of reference. Fuentes observes that "Posada, in a supernatural leap, abolishes the distance between what is and what appears to be, between what one suffers and what one wishes. The fusion of opposites separated by liberal positivism; death is a fiesta, a fiesta is an impossible luxary, luxary is a deadly attrition, an excess, a revel without daybreak, a long night of smiling skulls who rise bicycles, and excess of bluster, a sun whose rays are murderous dagger, lovers kissing through the bars of their cells; a graven shadow that evokes all of the missing colors. Love and Death: everything is possible if we participate in this orgy of opposites." A recent cardiac infection brought the artist to the edge of mortality and prompted his reassessments of a lifelong search for interpretations of Death. In an altogether different context the recent death of Picasso affected his viewpoint and stirred his imagination to explore the subjects and style of Picasso in relation to his own personal artistic values. The most direct interpretation of Picasso appears in "Las Versaderas Senoritas De Avinon," Catalog # 31 and Autorretratos el Dia Que Murio Picasso," Catalog #55.

The recurrence of interpretive exploration of the subject matter and life styles of other artists can be noted in an overview of Cuevas’ work. The entire series devoted to "The Marriage of Arnolfine" by Van Eyck and the many drawings revolving about the life and style of Rembrandt and interpretations of the human elements and relationships between the subjects involved and to a lesser degree the style in which it was presented. Cuevas continually explores and restates the known relationships and thought of subject and artist alike without allowing the artist’s style to severely limit his own final production.

Ronald D. Hickman
Director
Phoenix Art Museum
From "Jose Luis Cuevas
An Exhibition of Recent Works"
Fine Arts Gallery of San Diego
January 10-February 16, 1975
Phoenix Art Museum
March 7-April 13, 1975
The Achenbach Foundation
California Palace of the Legion of Honor
August 16-October 12, 1975

 

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It is all a means of livelihood wrested from Death. They are all teasing themselves; thinking it's the other chap who's got it! That final moment for which she has been waiting- the final halt. I wonder why Death has been given a feminine tense? Since woman engenders genesis, then why does she also have the sole right to kill? I seek Death in others' faces; primarily, I seek her in the inexactitudes of ambience. That is to say, I see this ambience in the individual who professes to love life to its fullest extent, and who assumes a mask of joy to show that he loves life more exuberantly than any of his contemporaries. No place could be deadlier or more morbid than a "night club." There the customer traditionally assumes a countenance of gaiety. In such a place one should not try to refute the idea that Death is present as well as anywhere else. As I do not wish to witness such an awkward scene, I have shied away from frequenting any pleasure haunts, including the so-called "music halls."

In fact, I have never been to a "night club" anywhere in the world. What spectacle is more tragically idiotic than some naïve Americas celebrating New Year's Eve? Donning paper caps on their heads and pretending to be merry? All of the time whirring away with noisy clappers in a frenzied attempt to forestall Death- at the precise moment when the fleetingness of Time is more markedly severe than ever. If they could only divine my thoughts, when I regard such antics- simply a parade of capering skeletons! Sometime ago I recalled a visit to a town somewhere in the midlands of my native heath. The years have since come and gone.

At that time I used to stay in a downtown hotel. Outside my window, on the opposite side of the street, a balcony was clearly visible from which a young woman would emerge at frequent intervals. Her youthful suitor (also a "teenager", or so it seemed to me) kept a close watch below. I could see them gesturing to one another, arranging a rendezvous and so forth. Once she fluttered a tiny scrap of paper held to a small weight. He nimbly caught it in mid-air, read it, and then nodded assent. She must have been quite young, I thought. But what a magnificent sight she was to behold! With abundant breasts and dark eyes that seemed to fathom the air around her. It was a superlative show- this wordless courtship! The play amused me for several days. Then, shortly afterwards, I left. Now, after many years I have once more returned to the same place. When I checked in at the hotel, the former incident leapt form my memory and so I asked to be given the same room. Fortunately, it was available. Once more I posted myself at the window assuming that the players were still alive and living there. Not very early in the morning, a woman appeared on the balcony eyeing the street up and down. I recognized her swelling breasts (as in her youth).

Her hair was now touched with grey. Her eyes, I perceived, were still large and deep set, but now there was a vague and tired look in them. She looked insistently at the man on the pavement who stood in a dejected attitude holding a briefcase in his hand. Then, she waved goodbye to him. He glanced back and automatically returned her wave. She then withdrew into the interior, closing the shutters of the balcony behind her without having uttered a word. This occurred on a Friday, followed by a Saturday and then it was Sunday.

From sheer routine I dressed; then, logically, I resumed my stand at the window to watch the front door of the house and the balcony. As I watched, the woman came out and waited on the pavement. Seconds later, the man appeared with a boy. I rushed downstairs and into the street, striding as closely as possible by the trio without slackening my pace. No need to eavesdrop on their conversation. Obviously, they chatted about the weather, the high cost of living, or what time was Mass about to begin. She was carrying a prayer book and a small rosary was wound round her fingers. The boy's hair was neatly brushed and combed and he was wearing patent leather shoes. His Papa wore his Sunday suit- the same chap who had sent those cryptic love missives long ago. Her ample legs were more widely spaced now and her gait was a trifle wobbly. His hair had begun to streak and there was a hint of paunch around his middle. A loud peal of church bells sounded from the Cathedral square. Then, the man suddenly remembered he was escorting a woman; so, he took charge of her arm. The ten year old boy walked on indifferently ahead of them without caring a "hoot" for his parents! Seldom have I seen the human being go straighter towards Death in such a mechanical and orderly trajectory.

Everything had evaporated! The passionate gestures of the hands and the furtive billet doux, the early morning glances, her eyes which followed his from the balcony above, the mawkish young suitor with the faraway look in his eyes- all that glorious pantomime had dissolved into mediocrity. The period of ferment had gradually eased to a calm assimilation of identities. I could foresee their end. It was like a pendulum swaying in slow, balanced rhythm. The circle narrowing into narrower circles. The timepiece of Death encompassing from explosive love to the forebearance of sleep. The reproductive cycle of Life and the all-defining units of disassociation and association slowly advancing towards a central hub that inevitably draws and annihilates the human being. I cannot restrain myself from observing- observing how humanity advances step-by-step to its doom. That insidious beldam who is lurking under my skin. She will stop the beating of my heart. I do not know if the muscles will suddenly contract or dilate rendering impassable the flow of blood and oxygen to the brain and to the body. At that very instant there will occur a final reflexive flicker in the retina which will transmit a message to the brain cells. The cells will then signal a message to the hand. The fingers will then meekly grasp the pen and scratch a line onto a sheet of paper, producing a new, creative line, a hitherto unthought of linear form in a final desperate attempt to sketch Death.

Since childhood, Death has not been a phantom of Fear and Sorrow for me or of self-pity. Quite the contrary; it follows a succession of law and order, cause and effect. An occurrence that demands the most profound meditation, question and answer. When I first gazed upon a dead body, the sight of Death mystified me. Even today it still does. I sense as if I were being drawn into a circle of doubts. I query the permanence of existence and its cycle of reproduction or any semblance of daily life. Death is a destructive force! She is a nihilistic symbol who is winking her eye at me and chiding my sensitivity, laughing mockingly at my efforts to excel in my task, as if she were taunting me with those questions; Why? What for? I was a frail child. Death stood by me like a ministering angel. I have always trusted her.

Her strength has always helped me. Our long communion has shown me what she really means to me. She is a bodiless spirit who will come to liberate me from all earthly ties. Freedom! If I were religiously inclined, every night I would compose a psalm or an ode to Death to soothe her. Therefore, as I draw, I sketch Death in her full circumference. Nothing I can perceive is permanent. If I had liked to paint in brushwork, I would have employed the pigments of colors and essentially disintegrated them before imitating anything that is or appears to be alive. The corporeal decline of the substance and form of the spirit I try to sustain with the pencilled line. Occasionally, but seldom, I feel satisfied, though somewhat astounded at having seized the final bite of Death. Many years ago, (when I was still bound to reality) on one of my rounds at the General Hospital, (I went there in search of themes for my drawings) I sat by the bedside of a dying man and began to sketch him. He was totally unaware of my presence. He could not have sensed my impersonation. I wore a medical gown. I looked like a doctor on one of his rounds of like an intern who was studying the clinical chart and taking down some notes of the patient's symptoms. Absorbed as I was in the progress of my work, I bent over to capture the expression on his face. The countenance had sharpened. His features had become disjointed.

The rictus of Death had overtaken him by surprise. An eerie peace had descended on the unfortunate man. As I finished pencilling my sketch, I saw that the features had numbed. The skin had yellowed and the eyes were set into a fixed and vacant stare. The man had succumbed while he was being sketched. Those who have seen the drawing (intrinsically, it is a "sketch") have appreciated what my hand seized at the moment of Death. I have no fears of Death; she waits for me; I wait for her. We await one another. If physiological death accosts me, or if I should perish in an accident, I do not feel at all frightened. My loyal friend is standing closely at my side. She is the fair companion of my tenderest woes. Her guilt is my guilt. For it is through her hollow orbs that I perceive everything and judge by sight. When the last heartbeat stops pounding ( a warning note has frequently rung), my good lady will bend down to kiss me. The truth, I lament, is my zeal for self portraiture- an impish fervor to tease my lady and woo her. How I wish that at that moment I could hold a looking glass in my hand, and compose myself in a certain stance so that I might steal from her the echo of my own secret. (Originally published in Progreso, Yucatan, December 30, 1973.)

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